The emitter of a BJT has an arrow symbol and the direction of the arrow represents the current flow direction. The BJT has three terminals, such as base, Emitter, and Collector. Therefore, the BJT is a two-junction, three-terminal semiconductor device. The emitter is a moderately sized and highly doped region, the base is the smallest and lightly doped region, and the collector is the largest in size and lightly doped region.įrom figure (1), we can observe that the BJT has two pn-junctions namely the emitter-base junction and collector-base junction. The emitter is the region that emits the charge carriers, the base is the region that acts as the controller and collector is the region which collects the charge carriers. The three semiconductor layers of the bipolar junction transistor are named as emitter ( E), base ( B), and collector (C). A metallic contact is attached to each of the three layers which act as the terminal of the transistor. Construction of Bipolar Junction Transistor(BJT)Ī bipolar junction transistor is constructed by sandwiching a p-type (or n-type) semiconductor between two layers of an n-type (or p-type) semiconductor as shown in figure (1). Therefore, it is called a bipolar transistor. It has two kinds of semiconductor materials P-type (positive type) and n-type (negative type), and the current flow through these regions. Why BJT is Called Bipolar?Ī bipolar transistor is a three-terminal semiconductor device. It is because these two words can describe the operation of BJT, which is the transfer of a signal from a low-resistance circuit to a high-resistance circuit. transistor, is derived from two terms ‘transfer’ and ‘resistor’. In practice, the BJT is also referred to as a transistor. What is a Bipolar Junction Transistor?Ī bipolar junction transistor, abbreviated as BJT, is a three-terminal semiconductor device that can function as a static switch or an amplifier. In this article, we shall learn about bipolar junction transistor (BJT), their definition, construction, types, and applications.
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